Depopulation or population decline? Demographic nightmares and imaginaries

Scientists are well aware of the major social, economic and cultural challenges brought about by population decline. However, we can often underestimate more extreme interpretations both causes consequences decline in popular discourse. In this commentary, I explore some these toxic narratives, speculate how they may be linked to what appears a prevailing populist/ethno-nationalist view grounded political tropes, rather than scientific reality. Using Armitage’s (2021) concept “demographic imaginaries”, argue that much public discourse serves several vital purposes: try simplify complex issue; “unify”; blame scapegoat; and, ultimately, negate obligation make tough, policy decisions. also scientists working field need should active efforts ground science conclude bottom-up approach responding most fruitful avenue for progress future.